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5 articles

AnalysisFrom Notebook to Production · Analysis

98% Accurate and Useless: Six Imbalance Fixes, Measured on a 2% Positive Class

Six models on one 2% positive dataset: the baseline caught 1 of 59 positives, class weights caught 45 at 6% precision, and a balanced random forest predicted zero positives despite the best AUC. Threshold tuning was the only fix that raised F1.

Ibrahim Denis Fofanah·Nov 12, 2026·11 min

ExplainerFrom Notebook to Production · Explainer

Scaling Gave SVM 8 Points and Trees Nothing. I Ran Four Models Raw and Scaled.

SVM went from 88.8% to 97.2% accuracy with one preprocessing line. Random forest moved zero. Logistic regression stopped warning and converged in 20 iterations instead of 1,000.

Ibrahim Denis Fofanah·Nov 7, 2026·10 min

AnalysisModel Evaluation · Analysis

Same Model, Ten Seeds, a 3.5-Point Swing: Why One Split Is Not a Result

Same data, same code, ten split seeds. Logistic regression ranged from 95.8% to 99.3%, and the "winning" model flipped on two seeds. A single split is not a result.

Ibrahim Denis Fofanah·Nov 2, 2026·8 min

TutorialFrom Notebook to Production · ML & Data Science

Five Leaks That Inflate Your AUC: I Measured Each One

Five controlled experiments, one per leak: honest AUC vs leaky AUC on the same data-generating process. Target leakage bought +0.16, pre-split feature selection +0.26, repeat groups +0.15.

Ibrahim Denis Fofanah·Oct 19, 2026·11 min

ExplainerFrom Notebook to Production · Explainer

Your 0.85 Meant 0.98: A 20,000-Row Calibration Test That Caught a Top Model Misstating Its Own Odds

On 20,000 rows, a random forest with AUC 0.972 had a calibration error of 0.082. Sigmoid calibration cut it to 0.004. Gaussian naive Bayes fell from 0.050 to 0.012 with isotonic calibration, and AUC moved by at most 0.001.

Ibrahim Denis Fofanah·Oct 14, 2026·10 min